How Can Stem Cells Be Used To Treat Diseases?

Stem cell transplants are currently the standard therapy for patients with bone marrow disease including:

Cancers of the bone marrow

Such as leukemia and lymphoma

Inherited Diseases

Sickle cell anemia
Characterized by abnormal hemoglobin that create ‘C-shaped’ cells which move slowly and cause blocked blood vessels; common among African Americans*
Thalessemia
Characterized by reduced or absent amounts of hemoglobin; common among those of Mediterranean ancestry*
Krabbe’s Disease
Characterized by the abnormal presence of globoid cells, which are globe-shaped cells that usually have more than one nucleus*
Hurler's Syndrome
This is a lysosomal storage easesease which leads to progressive mental deterioration and loss of physical skills*
Aplastic anemia
Bone marrow does not produce sufficient new cells to replenish blood cells*
Acquired bone marrow failure
As a result of chemotherapy and/or radiation treatments used in cancer treatment. Stem cell transplants act as:

A replacement therapy:
- The sick individual’s malignant bone marrow is replaced by the cells provided by a healthy donor.*
- Sometimes during cancer treatment, the bone marrow is destroyed by radiation or chemotherapy. In this case, a cord blood transplant is required to introduce new stem cells into a person’s body. These new cells will reconstitute the bone marrow.
A form of immunotherapy: In this case, the donor’s immune system is present in the cord blood sample. Those cells act against the sick recipient’s remaining cancer cells to kill them. This phenomenon is called graft-versus-leukemia effect.*

Allogeneic transplants use stem cells from a donor. The donor can be a sibling, family member or a donor sample from a public bank.

Diseases that Can be Treated by Allogeneic Transplantation:

Cancers

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia
Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Juvenile Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (JCML)
Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML)
Refractory Anemia (RA)
Refractory Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts (RARS)
Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts (RAEB)
Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts in Transformation (RAEB-T)
Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (Burkitt’s Lymphoma)

Blood Cell Proliferation Disorders

Aplastic Anemia
Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia
Fanconi Anemia
Paroxysmal Nocturnal - Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
Beta Thalassemia Major (Cooley's Anemia)
Diamond-Blackfan Anemia
Pure Red Cell Aplasia
Sickle Cell Disease
Amegakaryocytosis / Congenital Thrombocytopenia
Glanzmann Thrombasthenia

Immunodeficiencies

SCID with Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency (ADA-SCID)
SCID which is X-linked
SCID with absence of T & B Cells
SCID with absence of T Cells, Normal B Cells
Omenn Syndrome
Myelokathexis
Ataxia-Telangiectasia
Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome
Common Variable Immunodeficiency
DiGeorge Syndrome
Hemophagocytic Lymphohisticytosis
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency
Lymphoproliferative Disorders (LPD)
Lymphoproliferative Disorder (also known as Epstein-Barr Virus Sesceptibility)
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Acute Myelofibrosis
Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia (Myelofibrosis)
Polycythemia Vera
Essential Thrombocythemia
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
Neutrophil Actin Deficiency
Reticular Dysgenesis
Multiple Myeloma
Plasma Cell Leukemia
Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia

Inherited Disorders

Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia
Erythropoietic Porphyria
Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)
Krabbe Disease (Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy)
Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
Pearson’s Syndrome
Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease
Systemic Mastocytosis
Niemann-Pick Disease
Sandhoff Disease
Wolman Disease
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome
Osteopetrosis
Hurler Syndrome (MPS-IH)
Scheie Syndrome (MPS-IS)
Hunter Syndrome (MPS-II)
Sanfilippo Syndrome (MPS-III)
Morquio Syndrome (MPS-IV)
Maroteaux-Lamy Syndrome (MPS-VI)
Sly Syndrome, Beta-Glucuronidase Deficiency
Mucolipidosis II (I-cell Disease)

Diseases in Clinical Trial

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS or “Lou Gehrig’s disease)
Crohn’s Disease
Diabetes, Type I (formerly Juvenile Diabetes)
Graft-versus-Host Disease (GvHD)
Kidney Plus Stem Cell Transplant
Lupus
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Scleroderma
Critical Limb Ischemia
Ischemic Stroke
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)
Cleft Palate Repair (alveolar)
Cartilage Repair
Epidermolysis Bullosa
Lysosomal Storage Disease

Autologous treatments use a person's own stem cells.

Diseases that Can be Treated by Autologous Transplantation:

Diseases Treated

Neuroblastoma
Medulloblastoma
Retinoblastoma

Diseases in Clinical Trial*

Autism
Cerebral Palsy
Hearing Loss (acquired sensorineural)
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Crohn’s Disease
Diabetes, Type 1
Lupus
Multiple Sclerosis
Scleroderma
Support for Misc. Open Cardiac Surgery
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS)
Grow Vascular Graft
Critical Limb Ischemia
Compartment Syndrome (Battlefield Trauma)
Ischemic Stroke
Ischemic Heart Disease
Myocardial Infarction
Cardiomyopathy
Alveolar Cleft Palate Repair
Knee Cartilage Repair

Tissue Engineering Research

Cardiac Tissue
Studies into the use of CB stem cells for tissue engineering show that stem cells are capable of differentiating into cardiac tissue, as eight new heart valves were grown and tested in a laboratory setting. These simulated valves have been able to contain liquids and withstand pressures required for heart blood flow.*
Liver Tissue
Liver tissue has also been grown in the lab and may be used in the future to treat people with liver failure.*

Cancers

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia
Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia
Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Juvenile Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (JCML)
Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML)
Refractory Anemia (RA)
Refractory Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts (RARS)
Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts (RAEB)
Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts in Transformation (RAEB-T)
Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (Burkitt’s Lymphoma)

Blood Cell Proliferation Disorders

Aplastic Anemia
Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia
Fanconi Anemia
Paroxysmal Nocturnal - Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
Beta Thalassemia Major (Cooley's Anemia)
Diamond-Blackfan Anemia
Pure Red Cell Aplasia
Sickle Cell Disease
Amegakaryocytosis / Congenital Thrombocytopenia
Glanzmann Thrombasthenia

Immunodeficiencies

SCID with Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency (ADA-SCID)
SCID which is X-linked
SCID with absence of T & B Cells
SCID with absence of T Cells, Normal B Cells
Omenn Syndrome
Myelokathexis
Ataxia-Telangiectasia
Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome
Common Variable Immunodeficiency
DiGeorge Syndrome
Hemophagocytic Lymphohisticytosis
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency
Lymphoproliferative Disorders (LPD)
Lymphoproliferative Disorder (also known as Epstein-Barr Virus Sesceptibility)
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Acute Myelofibrosis
Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia (Myelofibrosis)
Polycythemia Vera
Essential Thrombocythemia
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
Neutrophil Actin Deficiency
Reticular Dysgenesis
Multiple Myeloma
Plasma Cell Leukemia
Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia

Inherited Disorders

Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia
Erythropoietic Porphyria
Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)
Krabbe Disease (Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy)
Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
Pearson’s Syndrome
Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease
Systemic Mastocytosis
Niemann-Pick Disease
Sandhoff Disease
Wolman Disease
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome
Osteopetrosis
Hurler Syndrome (MPS-IH)
Scheie Syndrome (MPS-IS)
Hunter Syndrome (MPS-II)
Sanfilippo Syndrome (MPS-III)
Morquio Syndrome (MPS-IV)
Maroteaux-Lamy Syndrome (MPS-VI)
Sly Syndrome, Beta-Glucuronidase Deficiency
Mucolipidosis II (I-cell Disease)

Diseases in Clinical Trial

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS or “Lou Gehrig’s disease)
Crohn’s Disease
Diabetes, Type I (formerly Juvenile Diabetes)
Graft-versus-Host Disease (GvHD)
Kidney Plus Stem Cell Transplant
Lupus
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Scleroderma
Critical Limb Ischemia
Ischemic Stroke
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)
Cleft Palate Repair (alveolar)
Cartilage Repair
Epidermolysis Bullosa
Lysosomal Storage Disease

Diseases Treated

Neuroblastoma
Medulloblastoma
Retinoblastoma

Diseases in Clinical Trial*

Autism
Cerebral Palsy
Hearing Loss (acquired sensorineural)
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Crohn’s Disease
Diabetes, Type 1
Lupus
Multiple Sclerosis
Scleroderma
Support for Misc. Open Cardiac Surgery
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS)
Grow Vascular Graft
Critical Limb Ischemia
Compartment Syndrome (Battlefield Trauma)
Ischemic Stroke
Ischemic Heart Disease
Myocardial Infarction
Cardiomyopathy
Alveolar Cleft Palate Repair
Knee Cartilage Repair

Cancers of the bone marrow

Such as leukemia and lymphoma

Inherited Diseases

Sickle cell anemia
Thalessemia
Krabbe’s Disease
Hurler's Syndrome
Aplastic anemia
Acquired bone marrow failure

Tissue Engineering Research

Cardiac Tissue
Liver Tissue

Diseases Treated with Cord Blood Stem Cells

* Source Parentsguidetocordblood.org

Other Stem Cell Sources

How Can Stem Cells Be Used To Treat Diseases?

Stem cell transplants are currently the standard therapy for patients with bone marrow disease including:

Cancers of the bone marrow

Inherited Diseases

Allogeneic transplants use stem cells from a donor. The donor can be a sibling, family member or a donor sample from a public bank.

Diseases that Can be Treated by Allogeneic Transplantation:

Cancers

Blood Cell Proliferation Disorders

Immunodeficiencies

Inherited Disorders

Diseases in Clinical Trial

Autologous treatments use a person's own stem cells.

Diseases that Can be Treated by Autologous Transplantation:

Diseases Treated

Diseases in Clinical Trial*

Tissue Engineering Research

Cancers

Blood Cell Proliferation Disorders

Immunodeficiencies

Inherited Disorders

Diseases in Clinical Trial

Diseases Treated

Diseases in Clinical Trial*

Cancers of the bone marrow

Inherited Diseases

Tissue Engineering Research

Diseases Treated with Cord Blood Stem Cells

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How Can Stem Cells Be Used To Treat Diseases?

Stem cell transplants are currently the standard therapy for patients with bone marrow disease including:

Cancers of the bone marrow

Inherited Diseases

Allogeneic transplants use stem cells from a donor. The donor can be a sibling, family member or a donor sample from a public bank.Diseases that Can be Treated by Allogeneic Transplantation:

Cancers

Blood Cell Proliferation Disorders

Immunodeficiencies

Inherited Disorders

Diseases in Clinical Trial

Autologous treatments use a person's own stem cells. Diseases that Can be Treated by Autologous Transplantation:

Diseases Treated

Diseases in Clinical Trial*

Tissue Engineering Research

Cancers

Blood Cell Proliferation Disorders

Immunodeficiencies

Inherited Disorders

Diseases in Clinical Trial

Diseases Treated

Diseases in Clinical Trial*

Cancers of the bone marrow

Inherited Diseases

Tissue Engineering Research

Diseases Treated with Cord Blood Stem Cells

July is Cord Blood Awareness Month, dedicated to raising awareness among expectant parents about the benefits of cord blood banking. In recognition, receive up to $250 off cord blood and tissue storage!

Allogeneic transplants use stem cells from a donor. The donor can be a sibling, family member or a donor sample from a public bank.

Diseases that Can be Treated by Allogeneic Transplantation:

Autologous treatments use a person's own stem cells.

Diseases that Can be Treated by Autologous Transplantation: